How does the signal reach our mobile from the tower, know the technology of telecom sector

Mobile Signal Transmission: Smartphones have become the most important part of our lives today, but have you ever wondered that in today’s time, when you make a video call to any corner of the world while sitting at home, how do calls and internet work without any wire? Let us know the complete working behind this amazing technology of mobile towers and telecom networks.

The world of telecom technology rests on the game of invisible waves. It is these microwave and radio waves that invisibly, without any interruption, eliminate the distance between us and our loved ones. This entire process works through a complex but extremely precise network, which transports our messages and voices thousands of kilometers away in just a few milliseconds. This amazing engineering of the telecom sector is truly no less than a miracle. Also, this process takes place in many stages. Let us now know what those stages are.

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main stage

1.Conversion of voice or data into waves- When you call someone from your phone or search something on the Internet, your smartphone first converts your voice or data into digital signals. After this, the phone’s transmitter converts these signals into radio waves.

2. Journey from phone to tower- The antenna installed in the phone emits these radio waves into the air. Nearby mobile towers catch these waves through their receivers. This process happens at the speed of light, so it takes no time at all.

3. Mobile Switching Centre- After reaching the tower, the signals are sent through wires (fiber optic cables) to the mobile switching center. It is called the brain of the telecom network. The job of the mobile switching center is to decide in which direction the call or data should be forwarded i.e. to the other person’s phone or to another network.

4. Reaching the receiver- If you are calling another city or country, the mobile switching center sends the signal to towers in that area via fiber optics or satellite. After this, the receiver tower transmits radio waves to the person’s phone. His phone converts these waves back into voice or data.

5. Role of spectrum and frequency- All this traffic depends on spectrum. Governments allocate bands of radio frequency (e.g. 700 MHz, 1800 MHz, 3.5 GHz) to telecom companies over which data is transmitted.

6. Difference between 4G and 5G- Compared to older generations, today’s technology has become quite advanced. In 4G technology, data is sent rapidly through packet switching, whereas in 5G technology millimeter waves are used. Also, multiple antenna technology (Massive MIMO) is used in 5G, due to which the internet speed increases manifold and the latency (time taken for the signal) becomes negligible.

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